• 10 regimes account for nearly 80 % of all transnational repression cases, including China, Türkiye, Tajikistan, Russia, Egypt, Cambodia, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Iran and Belarus
• The text highlights that more than 1,200 direct physical incidents have been recorded, in 103 countries, over the past decade.
• EU sanctions and a ban on exports of spyware and dual-use goods to countries engaging in transnational repression are necessary responses

New technologies, in particular artificial intelligence, malicious data communication and spyware, are increasingly important vectors of current transnational repression, say MEPs. They call on member states and the EU to recognise, prevent and tackle digital forms of transnational repression, including disinformation campaigns targeting human rights defenders, and to ensure that private actors in the technology sector are held accountable, by publishing transparency reports, and setting up effective grievance mechanisms.