• Jerkface (any/all)@lemmy.ca
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      4 months ago

      Timeline of modern examples of Russian “hybrid warfare”

      2007 – Estonia Cyberattacks

      • After Estonia removed a Soviet war memorial, it was hit by massive cyberattacks targeting government, banks, and media.

      • One of the first clear cases of state-linked cyberwarfare combined with information warfare.

      2008 – Russo-Georgian War

      • Russia used cyberattacks, propaganda, separatist movements in South Ossetia and Abkhazia, and limited military force.

      • Information manipulation portrayed Georgia as the aggressor.

      2014 – Crimea and Eastern Ukraine

      • Crimea annexation: Russian “little green men” seized key points while propaganda campaigns confused the population and international observers.

      • Donbas War: Russia armed and supported separatists while denying direct involvement, using cyberwarfare and disinformation heavily.

      2015 – Syrian Conflict

      • Russia intervened in Syria, blending military force, private military companies (e.g., Wagner Group), propaganda, and diplomatic manipulation.

      • Russia portrayed itself as fighting “terrorism” while targeting opposition forces.

      2016 – U.S. Presidential Election Interference

      • Russian intelligence agencies (GRU, FSB) engaged in cyberattacks, hacked emails, social media manipulation, and disinformation campaigns.

      • This was a major hybrid campaign aiming to sow distrust and division.

      2017 – NotPetya Cyberattack

      • Originating from Russia and targeting Ukraine, the NotPetya malware spread globally, crippling companies and infrastructure.

      • Disguised as ransomware but actually destructive sabotage.

      2018 – Skripal Poisoning in the UK

      • Russian operatives used a banned nerve agent in an assassination attempt.

      • Propaganda and diplomatic misinformation campaigns followed to confuse attribution.

      • Blending covert action, deniability, and information distortion.

      2020 – Belarus Protests

      • Russia supported Belarusian regime of Lukashenko against widespread protests.

      • Information campaigns, security force support, and diplomatic pressure were combined.

      2022 – Full-scale Invasion of Ukraine

      • Initially framed as a “special military operation” to “de-Nazify” Ukraine.

      • Involved military invasion, cyberattacks, disinformation campaigns, economic blackmail (like gas supply threats), and the use of mercenary groups.

      • Continued narrative warfare domestically and internationally.

      2022–2025 – Global Disinformation and Influence Campaigns

      Russia expanded its hybrid toolkit:

      • Artificial amplification of anti-Western narratives globally.

      • Building alliances with other disinformation actors (e.g., Iran, China).

      • Using energy markets, food supply disruptions, and cyberattacks as pressure points.

      • Strengthening alternative media ecosystems (like RT, Sputnik, Telegram channels) to bypass bans in Europe and elsewhere.

      • Emergence of AI-driven propaganda (deepfakes, AI-generated fake news).