Yup. I realize my “fluid” comment could be seen as implying they build packs out of random strangers, which is not the case. The fluidity is that while older family members can and will disperse, they can also return without disrupting the hierarchy as needed, then just as quickly head out again.

Resource rich environments will also stimulate increased ovulation in females; we can boom as needed and weather the bust. We don’t need large territories, just patches here and there we can get to (like your backyard trail). Ungulates are tasty, but I’ll eat rats and garbage. Wolves are pretty cool and intense, but try as you might you can’t rid yourself of the coyote. Improvise, adapt, survive.