Hypothetically, if we got to the point that we could simulate the collective synapses of a human brain in real time, that should do it.

If you simulate fire, does it burn? I don’t think a simulation will do it. I think consciousness is an emergent property, but unlike others here I’m not so sure this property has to emerge from an organic substrate. Organics might just be the cheapest way nature found to do it.

Problem is, we don’t really understand consciousness itself, and that makes it hard to predict where or how it will show up.