I know that the main protagonists name is サトシ after Satoshi Tajiri (田尻智), the creator himself but his name was changed to Ash Ketchum (same with how タケシ became Brock, ヒカリ (光) was called Dawn, カスミ (霞) became Misty, and so on). ゼニガメ (from 銭亀 = “baby spotted turtle”) was adapted to Squirtle or フシギダネ is renamed as Bulbasaur, ヒトカゲ is known as Charmander in ENG.
First generation of Pokemon at least, was conceived in both English and Japanese. They took pains to make sure the names in both languages were memorable to the children of their respective regions. Japanese names are rather standard in most cases or just literal descriptions.
English names are intentionally mostly a play on words. Ash, pulled from Satoshi. Ketchum is a reference to the English catchphrase “Gotta catch ‘em all!” Brock is the Rock Gym leader, Misty (as in rain) is the Water Gym leader, Jessie & James put together is Jesse James, famous outlaw and gang member like the Team Rocket (Rocket Gang in Japanese) duo.
The Pokemon names are usually portmandoes. Squirtle is squirting (water) turtle, Bulbasaur is a bulb (plant) dinosaur, and Charmander is a charring (fire) salamander.
Yes, but *portmanteaus. 😅
When your portmanteau goes commando
Also pretty common for Japanese media at the time (and probably still now?) when it was localised to other languages, especially if they expected it to be consumed by kids. the Final Fantasy games also come to mind as having localised monster names rather than direct phonetic translations.