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Cake day: July 20th, 2023

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  • Adding a fan to a sailboat might help you stop said sailboat. Adding a fan to a swamp boat is not stupid and does work.

    https://www.airliners.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=738011

    I tried to find a figure for what percentage of the normal operating thrust a thrust reverser configuration can provide and couldn’t readily find that info. However, according to that forum, thrust reversers only really reduce stopping distance by 10% or so and are deployed primarily to help maintain control in case there is uneven braking due to poor runway conditions.

    Also, multiple sources say thrust reversers only work effectively at high speeds, and lose effectiveness at low speeds. I didn’t find an analysis on why that is the case, but it has something to do with the flow rate of air through a jey turbine being much lower at low speeds.

    A sailboat will always be at low speeds relative to the wind. A thrust reverser configuration might provide some usable thrust, but you would be much better off just using the fan directly for propulsion and skip the sail altogether. Even that is very inefficient compared to propelling against water.


  • Quantum tunneling isn’t as mysterious as popular discourse likes to make it sound.

    Quantum tunneling involves barriers to movement. Think an insulator around a wire. Electrons can freely move throughout the bulk of the metal and even just a little bit outside of the metal, but they can’t transfer to the atoms in the insulating material. However, if you have an arrangement like two pieces of metal separated by a very small bit of insulator, tunneling can become possible. Classical mechanics would say that any amount of insulator between conductors should be able to completely stop charge transfer between conductors no matter how small. However, the wave function that describes an electron’s characteristics isn’t just a single point. It is spread out a bit. If the insulating layer is small enough, sometimes the electron wave functions will span through the insulating layer and a small portion of it extends into the next conductor. This means that if we measure the charge state on both pieces of metal, every once in a while, the charge state of one will decrease at the same time that the charge state of the other increases by the value of 1 electron. Lots of factors change how often this happens, such as a strong electric field. So do we know where the electron has gone? Not specifically, but we know the charge states of the two regions and it is otherwise confined. Do we know if it is the same electron? No, electrons are completely indistinguishable, and this is actually a pretty important concept for quantum mechanics. But whether it is the same electron, or if there’s some exchange that occurs during the tunneling doesn’t really matter. We know that a charge transfer has occurred through a barrier without adding or removing energy.














  • If her primary concern is drinking water, you can get an under sink RO filter for a couple hundred. They’re very easy to install yourself. I’ve even helped a friend install one connected to their fridge so that the fridge dispenser would taste better. We are on city water that tests well except for microplastics and it sometimes tastes a little bit like soil or musty. The RO systems come with a particulate filter, carbon stage, Reverse Osmosis membrane, and a remineralization stage. RO is the only way to effectively remove microplastics.

    Personally, I would consider having a particulate filter and maybe water softener for the whole house. Neither of those should be crazy expensive. The water softener is only if your city water tests hard or if you have mineral buildup on your shower heads or in your dishwasher. If you’ve done any plumbing work, a particulate filter is pretty easy and affordable to install yourself.

    Reverse osmosis for the whole house is simply unnecessary. Install one yourself at the location your family gets their drinking/cooking water.

    https://www.mcmaster.com/product/4361K71

    This unit from mcmaster carr is what I use. Please be aware that chlorine does damage the RO membrane, so it is important to replace the first two filter stages approximately every 6 months. The fourth stage is recommended to be replaced yearly and the RO stage is supposed to be good for 2 yrs.

    https://www.mcmaster.com/4361K81/ https://www.mcmaster.com/4361K82/ https://www.mcmaster.com/4361K83/ https://www.mcmaster.com/4361K84/

    Express Water also has some decent under sink and counter top options.

    Removing chlorine for the whole home requires a large activated carbon filter. They’re pretty expensive and the media gets saturated and has to be replaced every so often to keep absorbing chlorine. I would only do this if your wife has extremely sensitive skin that is getting irritated from your tap water.

    Oh and Reverse Osmosis systems waste more water than they clean without expensive recirculating pumps and controllers. That’s acceptable for a couple gallons of drinking water a day, but would be very wasteful and expensive in a whole-house system.



  • Bluetooth is integrated into the wifi module. I highly doubt connecting to a bluetooth device could damage anything in the actual hardware. I would try uninstalling and reinstalling the most up to date drivers for your wifi card. (I’m not familiar with the procedure on linux so youll have to search for instructions on that.) Sometimes the drivers are bundled or the bluetooth driver may be separate.

    Wifi modules are usually socketed on an m.2 A+E keyed connection. So if you really think your card is damaged, or if you want to try to upgrade to a newer intel card, that is an option. Determing compatibility might require some searching of forums. It is very easy to do in general. However, be aware that the wifi/bluetooth anntenae are built in, and the tiny little coax cables are fragile. So handle them very carefully and use a small plastic pry tool to separate the connector from the wifi card rather than just pulling on them.



  • Marble has a density of 0.098 lbs/in3. So a 500lb sphere has a volume of 500lb/.098lb/in3= 5102 in3. That gives a radius of (5102 in3 * (3/(4pi)))(1/3)= 10.68 in.

    Let’s say the bowl it sits in has 2/3 the radius. So 7.12in. That makes the enclosed surface area pi*( 7.12in) 2= 160in2. So 500lbs/160in2 = 3.14 psi. How fast do you think the water will spray out at 3.14 psi? Without any drag, out of an ideal nozzle, it would be 6.5mph. However, the pressure will actually be higher in the middle and tapers off to 0 at the edge thanks to the flow diverging and drag. So really the pressure drop at the opening is even smaller.

    There’s a lot of lifting area which means you don’t actually need much pressure. You can lift entire buildings with large water bags.